Lesson 6:
Using and Evaluating Instructional Materials
- · One of the instructional materials used to attain instructional objectives is field trip
- For an effective use of instructional materials such as field trip, there are guidelines that ought to be observed, first of all, in their selection and second, in their use
Selection
of Materials
- * Does the material give a true picture of the ideas they present? To avoid misconceptions, it is always good to ask when the material was produced.
- * Does the material contribute meaningful content to the topic under study? Does the material help you achieve the instructional objectives?
- * Is the material aligned to the curriculum standards and competencies.
- * Is the material culture – and grades – sensitive?
- * Does the material have culture bias?
- * Is the material appropriate for the age, intelligence, and experience of the learners.
- * Is the physical condition of the material satisfactory? An example, it is photograph properly mounted?
- * Is there a teacher’s guide to provide a briefing for effective use? The chance that the instructional material will be used to the maximum and to the optimum is increased with a teacher’s guide.
- * Can the material in question help to make students better thinkers and develop their critical faculties? With exposure to mass media, it is highly important that we maintain and strengthen are rational powers.
- * Does the use of material make learners collaborate with one another?
- * Does the material promote self-study?
- * Is the material worth the time, expenses and effort involved? A field trip, for instance, requires much time, effort, and money. It is more effective than any other lees expensive and less demanding instructional material that can take its place? Or is there a better substitute?
The Proper
Use of Materials
To ensure effective use of instructional material,
Hayden Smith and Thomas Nigel, (1972) book authors on Instructional Media,
advise us to abide the acronym PPPF
Prepare
Yourself
You know your lesson objective and what you expect
from class after the session and why you have selected such particular
instructional material. You have a plan on how you will proceed, what question
to ask, how you will evaluate learning and how you will the loose ends before
the bell rings.
Prepare
your Students
Set reasonably high class expectations and learning
goals. It is sound practice to give them guide question for them to be able to
answer during the discussion. Motivate them and keep them interested and
engaged.
Present the
Material
Under the best possible conditions. Many teachers are
guilty of the R.O.G Syndrome. This is means “running out of gas” which usually
results from the poor planning. (Smith, 1972) Using media and materials,
especially if they are mechanical in nature, often requires rehearsal and a
carefully planned performance.
Follow Up
Remember that you use instructional materials to
achieve objectives, not to kill time nor to give yourself a break, neither to
merely maintain the class. Your use of the instructional material is not the
end itself. It is a mean to an end, the attainment of a learning objectives.
So, there is need to follow up to find out if objective was attained to use.
Robert
Gagne’s nine (9) instructional material in the subject facilitating learning.
These are:
·
1. Gain attention
·
2. Inform learner of objectives
·
3. Stimulate recall of prior learning
·
4. Present stimulus material
·
5. Provide learner guidance
·
6. Elicit performance
·
7. Provide feedback
·
8. Assess performance
·
9. Enhance retention transfer
There is no
such thing as best instructional material
· ^ Any instructional material can be the best provided it
helps the teacher accomplish his/her intended learning objective.
· ^ No instructional material, no matter how superior, can
take the place of an affective teacher
· ^ Instructional materials may be perceived to the labor
saving devise for the teachers. On the contrary, the teacher even works harder
when she makes good use of instructional material.
· ^ “You should have a good idea of your destination, both
in the over-all purposes of education and in the everyday work of your
teaching. If you do not know where you are going, you cannot properly choose a
way to get there.”
Walang komento:
Mag-post ng isang Komento